GHSA-3f6c-7fw2-ppm4 (CVE-2025-6242)

Details

Summary

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability exists in the MediaConnector class within the vLLM project's multimodal feature set. The load_from_url and load_from_url_async methods fetch and process media from user-provided URLs without adequate restrictions on the target hosts. This allows an attacker to coerce the vLLM server into making arbitrary requests to internal network resources.

This vulnerability is particularly critical in containerized environments like llm-d, where a compromised vLLM pod could be used to scan the internal network, interact with other pods, and potentially cause denial of service or access sensitive data. For example, an attacker could make the vLLM pod send malicious requests to an internal llm-d management endpoint, leading to system instability by falsely reporting metrics like the KV cache state.

Vulnerability Details

The core of the vulnerability lies in the MediaConnector.load_from_url method and its asynchronous counterpart. These methods accept a URL string to fetch media content (images, audio, video).

https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/blob/119f683949dfed10df769fe63b2676d7f1eb644e/vllm/multimodal/utils.py#L97-L113

The function directly processes URLs with http, https, and file schemes. An attacker can supply a URL pointing to an internal IP address or a localhost endpoint. The vLLM server will then initiate a connection to this internal resource.

HTTP/HTTPS Scheme: An attacker can craft a request like {"image_url": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/internal_api"}. The vLLM server will send a GET request to this internal endpoint.
File Scheme: The _load_file_url method attempts to restrict file access to a subdirectory defined by --allowed-local-media-path. While this is a good security measure for local file access, it does not prevent network-based SSRF attacks.