In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net: shaper: protect late read accesses to the hierarchy
We look up a netdev during prep of Netlink ops (pre- callbacks) and take a ref to it. Then later in the body of the callback we take its lock or RCU which are the actual protections.
This is not proper, a conversion from a ref to a locked netdev must include a liveness check (a check if the netdev hasn't been unregistered already). Fix the read cases (those under RCU). Writes needs a separate change to protect from creating the hierarchy after flush has already run.
Exploitability
AV:LAC:LPR:LUI:NScope
S:UImpact
C:HI:HA:H7.8/CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H